• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The biogas reactor has a floor (12) and a wall (10) which form a substantially liquid-tight basin. The pool serves as a digester for the biomass fed to the biogas reactor. In addition, the biogas reactor has a gas-permeable floor (16) substantially covering the basin and a roof structure above the floor. The midsole comprises support beams (18) made of wood. The midsole may further comprise a porous thermal insulation layer. Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of wood fiber material such as cutter chips. Alternatively or additionally, the thermal insulation layer may be at least partially granular polyurethane.
    公开号:FI20175547A1
    申请号:FI20175547
    申请日:2017-06-13
    公开日:2018-12-14
    发明作者:Pekka Vinkki；Juho Lohi；Tuomas Vinkki；Tomi Haapakoski
    申请人:Demeca Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The biogas reactor
    The invention relates to a biogas reactor having a floor and walls which form a substantially liquid-tight basin, a gas-permeable midsole substantially covering the basin and a roof structure above the midsole.
    Biogas can be produced by digesting organic biomass, such as separated slurry, under anoxic conditions. In biogas installations, digestion is carried out in an airtight biogas reactor made for this purpose. A conventional biogas reactor has a waterproof concrete floor slab over which concrete walls are built so that the concrete slab and the walls together form a liquid-tight basin. A gas-tight gas hood is attached to the top of the walls, forming the roof of the bioreactor. Biomass is led to a basin where the digestion process produces methane-containing biogas. Typically, the biomass to be digested in the biogas reactor is liquid pumped sludge. The resulting biogas fills the space between the upper surface of the biomass in the basin and the gas hood, whereby the gas hood rises from the gas pressure to a domed shape. When the pressure of the biogas decreases, for example, when the gas is removed, the hood is lowered. To prevent the gas hood from settling on the biomass slurry in the basin, a mesh covering the entire basin is tuned to the top of the walls. In order to support the net, there is a support pillar in the middle of the basin, from which radial straps extend from one end to the top of the walls. One such biogas reactor is disclosed in EP 1867712 A1.
    Known biogas reactors present several problems. In addition to flammable gases such as methane, biogas production processes include toxic hydrogen sulphide. Hydrogen sulphide corrodes the biogas reactor structures, which requires reinforcing steel columns and reinforcing steel structures to be more expensive acid-resistant or stainless steel. Due to the hydrogen sulphide content of biogas, gas engines that run much more expensive, corrosive fuel, than the conventional ones, have to be used as motors driving the electric generators of biogas plants. The gas hood, made of a thin film of a biogas reactor, has poor heat insulation, which increases the need for biomass heating.
    It is an object of the invention to provide a biogas reactor which can reduce the problems associated with known biogas reactors. The objects of the invention are achieved by a biogas reactor, which is characterized in what is disclosed in the independent claims. Certain preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
    The invention relates to a biogas reactor having a floor and a wall which form a substantially liquid-tight basin. The pool serves as a digester for the biomass fed to the biogas reactor. In addition, the biogas reactor has a substantially gas-permeable midsole covering the basin and a roof structure above the midsole. Said midsole comprises support beams made of wood. The floor is located in the space between the biomass and the roof structure, which produces corrosive hydrogen sulphide. Solid wood support beams do not have adhesive joints and / or joints that could fail under challenging conditions.
    In a preferred embodiment of the bioreactor according to the invention, said midsole further comprises a porous thermal insulation layer. The thermal insulation layer slows down the heat removal from the bioreactor, keeping the biomass temperature at an optimum level for biogas production with very little external heating.
    In another preferred embodiment of the bioreactor according to the invention, said thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of wood fiber material. Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is at least partially cutter bite. Alternatively or additionally, the thermal insulation layer may be at least partially granular polyurethane. It has been found that a porous thermal insulation layer, particularly a cutter chewing layer, reduces the amount of hydrogen sulphide formed in the biogas reactor. Presumably, this is due, at least in part, to the fact that the porous thermal insulation layer provides a substrate for bacteria that feed on hydrogen sulfide. Small amounts of air can be introduced into the space between the thermal insulation layer and the biomass, whereby the oxygen in the air and the hydrogen sulphide produced in the biogas process react with each other and sulfur hydrogen sulfide precipitates on the porous surfaces of the thermal insulation layer. The precipitated sulfur can drop into the biomass and leave the reactor when the spent biomass is removed. The heat insulating layer formed by the cutter disintegrator provides a very large surface area for the aforementioned reactions to occur, whereby the small amount of air supplied to the heat insulating layer does not interfere with the production of biogas required under anoxic conditions.
    In a third preferred embodiment of the bioreactor according to the invention, the basin has a support column having a first end supported on the floor. The support beams have a first end supporting the support beam to the wall and a second end supporting the support beam to the support pillar.
    Another preferred embodiment of the bioreactor according to the invention comprises a gas-tight gas hood supported at one end of a support pillar.
    In another preferred embodiment of the bioreactor according to the invention, said wall has an inner surface, an upper edge and a lower edge, and the inner surface of the walls has a gas-tight protective film extending from the top to the bottom.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the bioreactor according to the invention, the gas hood has an edge and the protective film has an upper edge and the upper edge of the protective film and the gas hood are gas-tightly connected. Preferably, the protective film has a lower edge that is fluidly sealed to the floor.
    An advantage of the invention is that the durability of the structures of the internal parts of the biogas reactor is improved and the service life is increased.
    An advantage of an embodiment of the invention is that it improves the operating conditions of the biogas producing microbes and thus increases the amount of biogas produced.
    A further advantage of an embodiment of the invention is that the amount of hydrogen sulphide in biogas is reduced, which facilitates the use of biogas as fuel for gas engines.
    The invention will now be described in detail. Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an exemplary sectional view of a biogas reactor according to the invention and Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wall of the biogas reactor shown in Figure 1.
    Figure 1 is an exemplary exterior view of a biogas reactor according to the invention. The biogas reactor has a roof structure, a wall 10 and a floor 12. In Figure 1, part of the roof structure, wall and floor has been removed to better reveal the structure of the interior of the biogas reactor. The floor of the biogas reactor is a circular fiber concrete slab. The walls of the biogas reactor are constructed of wall elements mounted on a thermally insulated layer 11 formed on a leveled earth layer so as to form an integral, substantially cylindrical outer wall. The walls and floor form the basin into which the biomass in liquid or paste form, typically slurry, is used as the raw material for biogas production. On the inside of the walls there is a heating piping 15 for heating the biomass in the biogas reactor to an optimum temperature for gas production.
    In the center of the space enclosed by the walls is a support pillar 14, which is supported by the first to let the floor. The support column is made of hot-dip galvanized steel. In the plane of the upper edge of the walls there is a midsole 16, the load-bearing structure of which is formed of solid wooden support beams 18. The support beams rest at their first end at the upper edge of the wall and at the second release the support pillar. A wooden spar 17 is attached to the bottom of the support beams 17. The gap between the boards of the spar boards can be 5-20 mm wide. The thin board has a layer of cutter bite about 30 cm thick, which forms a gas-permeable thermal insulating layer on the midsole (the thermal insulating layer is not shown in the figures). On the outside of the wall is a control room 28, which houses machinery and equipment for controlling and controlling the operation of the biogas reactor.
    The roof structure of the biogas reactor comprises a weather-protective roof press 20 and a gas-tight gas hood 22 located beneath the roof press. The gas hood and the roof press are supported at their edges gas-tight at the top 10 of the wall. A gas hood is a membrane that rises under the pressure of the gas formed under it to a dome-like shape. The other end of the support pillar supports the gas hood from its center so that when the gas pressure drops, the gas hood cannot descend on the midsole. The space between the gas hood and the midsole is called the gas space 24. The biogas produced in the biogas reactor is collected by its gases, from which it is passed through a collecting pipe for further processing. There is an air space 26 between the roof press and the gas hood, which improves the thermal insulation performance of the roof structure. The air pressure in the air space is maintained by a compressor in the control room 28 such that the roof press continuously maintains a domed shape in the gas space regardless of the amount of pressure applied.
    The biogas reactor further comprises feed means for feeding the biomass, means for discharging the used biomass, so-called. reject, for removal, and mixing means for mixing the biomass in the reactor. However, these are not within the scope of the present invention and will not be further described herein.
    The size of the biogas reactor can be selected according to the amount and quality of biomass being treated and the biogas production targets. The biogas reactor can have a diameter of 12-16 meters and a wall height of 3-5 meters. The height of the bioreactor, i.e. the distance from the ground level to the highest point of the roof press may be 8-15 meters. Preferably, the biogas reactor has a diameter of about 15.6 meters, a wall height of about 4.4 meters, and a total height of about 9.2 meters.
    Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wall of the biogas reactor shown in Figure 1. The floor 12 of the biogas reactor comprises a load-bearing fiber-concrete base slab 13 cast on the load-bearing insulating layer 11. The wall 10 of the bioreactor is built on the insulating layer so that the lower edge of the wall rests against the upper surface of the insulating layer. The wall comprises a load-bearing steel inner shell 30, a thermal insulation 32, and an outer shell 31 of the elemental structure. The thermal insulation is attached by a comb structure to the steel elements of the inner shell. The outer shell is a profile sheet which is attached to the comb-binding comb structure. The inner surface of the upper edge of the wall has a corner support 36 extending along the upper edge of the whole wall, to which beam shoes 38 are attached to support the ends of the support beams 18. A rainwater bead 46 is provided around the top edge of the wall, which at its other edge is watertight against the surface of the roof press 20.
    The inner surface of the wall has a protective film 34 which extends from the top of the wall to the bottom of the wall along the entire length of the wall. The top edge of the protective film is folded over the top of the wall and superimposed with the edge of the cover press 20 and the edge of the gas hood 22. The overlapping edges are pressed firmly against the top edge of the wall by means of a fastening rim 40 rotating about the top edge of the wall. The clamping strap is secured in place at the top of the wall by C-shaped clamping members 42. The clamping strap, the clamping members, and the overlapping edges of the cover press 20, the gas hood 22, and the shielding film 34 are hidden under the rainwater strap 46. The lower edge of the protective film extends at the bottom of the wall to the upper surface of the insulating layer and its edges are folded over the upper surface of the insulating layer. The lower edge of the protective film thus becomes trapped between the insulating layer 11 and the upper surface of the insulating layer after the walls have been installed. The joint between the lower edge of the protective film and the floor is thus gas tight. Inside the shielding film, there are spaced-apart vertical brackets 44, to which biomass heating piping 15 is attached.
    Some of the preferred embodiments of the biogas reactor according to the invention have been described above. The invention is not limited to the solutions described above, but the inventive idea can be applied in various ways within the scope of the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A biogas reactor having a floor (12) and a wall (10), the floor (12) and the wall (10) forming a substantially liquid-tight basin, a gas-permeable intermediate floor (16) substantially enclosing the basin and an overlying floor (16) roof structure, characterized in that said midsole (16) comprises support beams (18) of material of wood.
    [2]
    A biogas reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that said midsole (16) further comprises a porous thermal insulation layer.
    [3]
    Biogas reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that said thermal insulation layer is at least partially made of wood fiber material.
    [4]
    A biogas reactor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the thermal insulating layer is at least partially cutter.
    [5]
    A biogas reactor according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer is at least partially granular polyurethane.
    [6]
    Biogas reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the basin has a support column (14) having a first end supported on the floor (12) and said support beams (18) having a first end from which the support beam (18) is supported. the wall (10) and the other end from which the support beam (18) is supported on the support column (14).
    [7]
    Biogas reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said roof structure comprises a gas-tight gas hood (22), which gas hood (22) is supported at one end of the support column (14).
    [8]
    Biogas reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said wall (10) has an inner surface, an upper edge and a lower edge, and the inner surface of the walls has a gas-tight protective film (34) extending from the top to the bottom.
    [9]
    A biogas reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that the gas hood (22) has an edge and the protective film (34) has an upper edge and the upper edge of the protective film (34) and the gas hood (22) are gas-tightly connected.
    [10]
    Biogas reactor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the protective film (34) has a lower edge which is fluidly sealed to the floor (12).
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI128239B|2020-01-15|
    WO2018229340A1|2018-12-20|
    EP3638767A1|2020-04-22|
    DK3638767T3|2021-05-10|
    EP3638767B1|2021-03-03|
    ES2871012T3|2021-10-28|
    PL3638767T3|2021-09-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE202007018608U1|2006-06-14|2009-01-08|Agrotel Gmbh|biogas reactor|
    DE202008003542U1|2008-03-12|2008-06-26|Ugn-Umwelttechnik Gmbh|Chem.-biologically effective, autoregenerative filter material based on cellulose fibers for exhaust air and gas purification|
    CN201485455U|2009-07-17|2010-05-26|陈文海|Wood biogas digester|
    CN101845388B|2010-05-31|2013-01-23|金海�|Self-heating methane tank|
    CN201825951U|2010-10-27|2011-05-11|泽尔曼生物能源技术（北京）有限公司|Methane biological desulphurization device|
    DE202012104130U1|2012-10-26|2014-01-30|JOPE Beteiligungs GmbH|Dome-shaped supporting air roof for a biogas tank|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20175547A|FI128239B|2017-06-13|2017-06-13|Biogas reactor|FI20175547A| FI128239B|2017-06-13|2017-06-13|Biogas reactor|
    PL18745655T| PL3638767T3|2017-06-13|2018-06-13|A biogas reactor|
    ES18745655T| ES2871012T3|2017-06-13|2018-06-13|Biogas reactor|
    DK18745655.3T| DK3638767T3|2017-06-13|2018-06-13|BIOGAS REACTOR|
    EP18745655.3A| EP3638767B1|2017-06-13|2018-06-13|A biogas reactor|
    PCT/FI2018/050458| WO2018229340A1|2017-06-13|2018-06-13|A biogas reactor|
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